Why Not Use Alternative Techniques?

Alternative techniques achieve their results as follows:
　(1) Focus on a specific class of images, say printed text or faces, for example;
　(2) Identify a structure for this class;
　(3) Implement a technique for measuring the structure;
　(4) Determine the similarity of images by comparing structural measurements.
 If an image is too small, too out-of-focus, too blurred, or too obscured, then image quality is too poor to measure an image structure with sufficient accuracy.
 At this point, a constrained approach will surely fail.
 These techinques are termed CONSTRAINED, as mentioned in FAQ 2.
 So, such alternative techniques can’t be effectively used with poor quality imagery.

Why Worry About Low Quality Images?

The image analyst, security officer or other image user often doesn’t control the production of images but rather must use what is provided.
 A video of fans at a stadium may produce tiny face images. A person approaching an entrance to a secure facility in a car may have his face distorted by a dirty window, falling snow and blurred by motion. A photo of a particular person may contain many other people who are in the background and out of focus. In a crowd scene, a person in front may partially block the person behind leading to an obscured face image.
 The quality of imagery is sometimes distorted on purpose to, for example, reduce transmission time or detectability on a wireless link, or to hide characteristics of an acquistion sensor

Where Is Recognition Used?

Image Recognition is used in many applications including:
 Optical Character Recognition
 Automatic Target Recognition
 Quality Control (e.g., Robot Vision)
 Fingerprint Identification
 Iris Identification
 Biometric Face Recognition
The algorithms underlying these applications are quite different but they work using a common principle – Reduce the collection of images to a set with a common identified structure and then measure the structure. For example, a typical approach to face recognition might be to measure the difference between eyes. These types of algorithms, and the technologies based on them, are termed CONSTRAINED.

Bio Smart Card

Summary
Bio Smart Card: Biometric identification smart card.

A number of various card users are getting to increase. In case of using the cards, there may be a serious problem such as losing, someone else using or copying. Insface biometric smart card is able to store biometric information like face or fingerprint data. This card is only able to be utilized by the person himself Not only this card saves a time when user is required to input personal information in the web site but also use the card for computer log-on or electronic approval. And also, it is utilized as existing ID and access card or transportation card. 

 Characteristic
Secure locking device by encryption.
Apply to various fields such as network authentication or access control system.
Be able to use one of facial or fingerprint identification systems.
Be able to use both of them as multi-biometric identification system.

Application field and Effect 
Electronic passport, drive license, medical insurance, medical pharmacy card, health card, transportation card, 　credit card, e-money etc.
Access control system for data center, main secure facilities.
Main system log-on or user authentication.
Credit card or banking approval or main secure approval.

What is Face Recognition?

Face recognition biometrics is the science of programming a computer to recognize a human face. When a person is enrolled in a face recognition system, a video camera takes a series of snapshots of the face and then represents it by a unique holistic code. When someone has their face verified by the computer, it captures their current appearance and compares it with the facial codes already stored in the system. If the faces match, the person receives authorization; otherwise, access is denied.

 Face recognition has many applications including secure access control, time and attendance systems, network authentication, registration programs, and facial database scrubbing.

Why Use Biometrics?

No cards, badges, or PINS required! – Traditional access control or security systems require the user to either have some sort of identifier (i.e., swipe card) or memorize a password. With biometrics, these are no longer required. Users will not have to worry about leaving ID cards at home or forgetting passwords.

More secure – ID cards can be lost or stolen and passwords can be used by anyone. Biometrics, however, relies on an identifier that is unique to the person; one that cannot be copied, stolen, or lost.

Cost reduction – The reduction in password maintenance and replacement of ID cards, plus the elimination of “time-clipping” and “buddy-punching” in time and attendance systems, means that a biometric device very quickly pays for itself.

What are Biometrics?

Human beings are quite adept at identifying each other by their physical appearance, voice or behavior. Thanks to advances in computer technology, it is now possible to have computers recognize people by those very same traits. This branch of technology is known as biometrics.